COMMAND WORD · BIOLOGY

Predict

Say the result you expect from a pattern or a principle, and keep the condition attached to it.

All command words

Writing frame

If A, then B, assuming C.

What the parts mean

  • Athe change or the pattern you are extending
  • Bthe result you expect
  • Cthe assumption that limits the prediction

How to build your answer

  1. 1Name the rule you are extending.
  2. 2State the expected result, with a direction or a value if the rule allows it.
  3. 3State the assumption.

Biology exemplar

Original question

In an illustrative experiment the rate of an enzyme rises from 20 °C to 40 °C. Predict the effect of going from 20 °C to 30 °C.

Two measured points, at 20 °C and 40 °C, joined by a rising line. The rate axis has no numbers. Nothing is plotted at 30 °C.102030405030 °C ?Temperature / °CRate
A sketch of a rise between the two stated temperatures. Predict 30 °C from that pattern, not from a new experiment.

Annotated answer

AThe rate is still rising between 20 °C and 40 °C. BThe rate at 30 °C should be higher than the rate at 20 °C. CThis assumes nothing else is changed and the enzyme has not passed its optimum.

The labels match the frame. Read them in order. This is one accurate route, not the only one.

Exam habit

“It will change” is not a prediction. Say what you expect.

Common pitfall

Writing “it depends” and stopping.

Practice question

2 marks

Original practice

Mark points shown after marking

(a)

A partially permeable membrane separates pure water from a sucrose solution. Predict the direction of net water movement.

(1)
Choose one answer
(b)

State one assumption you made.

(1)

Total for this question: 2 marks

Answer discussion

Net water movement is from the pure water into the sucrose solution, because the sucrose solution has the lower water potential. This assumes the membrane lets water through and not the sucrose, and that the temperature is the same on both sides.

Sources

Pearson Biology specification · Sample assessment PDF