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Year 7 foundation: P1.8 Balanced and unbalanced forces
25 questions · 125 marks, in lesson order.
Speed
Exam question
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A bus travels 12 km in 15 min, stops for 5 min, then travels 8 km in 10 min.
Calculate the average speed of the bus for the whole journey, in km/h. Show your working.
(4)Total for this question: 4 marks
Speed
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A space buggy was sent to the surface of Mars.
The distance between Earth and Mars is 192 000 000 km. It took a spacecraft 200 days to take the buggy from Earth to Mars. Calculate the speed at which the spacecraft travelled.
(1)Which unit goes with your answer to (a)(i)?
(1)The weight of the buggy was 105 N on Earth and 40 N on Mars. Why was the weight of the buggy less on Mars than on Earth?
(1)The buggy uses solar panels to generate electrical energy. They generate less electrical energy on Mars than on Earth. Give a reason why.
(1)The weight of the buggy was 40 N on Mars. It rested on an area of 0.025 m². Calculate the pressure exerted by the buggy on the surface of Mars.
(1)Which unit goes with your answer to (d)(i)?
(1)Total for this question: 6 marks
Motion graphs: distance and time
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Determine the speed shown by the line. Show your working.
(3)What does the straight line show about the motion?
(1)Total for this question: 4 marks
Motion graphs: distance and time
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A remote-controlled car was timed over a period of 10 seconds. A graph of distance against time is shown.
Describe the motion of the car between 2 seconds and 6 seconds.
(1)Describe the motion of the car between 9 seconds and 10 seconds.
(1)Calculate the average speed of the car between 0 and 10 seconds.
(1)Which unit goes with your answer to (b)(i)?
(1)Friction acts backwards on the car and a forward force from the motor acts forwards. When the motor was switched off, the car slowed down and then stopped. While the car was slowing down, which of the following was true?
(1)Use the graph to find the time when the car started to slow down.
(1)Total for this question: 6 marks
Motion graphs: distance and time
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A cyclist and a runner have a 100 m race. The distance–time graph for the race is shown.
How much time did it take the cyclist to travel 100 m?
(1)When the cyclist finished the race, how far behind was the runner?
(1)How much more time did the runner take compared with the cyclist to complete the race?
(1)The cyclist is travelling at a constant speed between 3 seconds and 6 seconds. How does the graph show this?
(1)When the race started, a walker set off at a steady speed of 2 m/s. Which line would show the walker’s distance for the first 15 seconds?
(1)Calculate how much time it will take the walker to walk 100 m.
(1)Total for this question: 6 marks
Motion graphs: interpreting journeys
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The distance–time graph shows a walk away from home and part of the way back.
Calculate the speed on the way out, from 0 to 5 min.
(1)What happens between 5 and 7 minutes?
(1)Calculate the speed on the way back, from 7 to 10 min.
(1)Calculate the total distance walked.
(1)How far from home is the walker at 10 min?
(1)Total for this question: 5 marks
Motion graphs: interpreting journeys
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A distance–time graph shows a bus journey. (Illustrative.)
What was the bus doing between 80 s and 120 s?
(1)Calculate the speed of the bus between 120 s and 160 s.
(2)In which section was the bus fastest?
(1)Explain how the graph shows this.
(1)Calculate the average speed for the whole journey.
(1)Total for this question: 6 marks
Investigating speed
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A student releases a trolley by hand, times it over 0.50 m once with a stopwatch, and calls distance ÷ time “the trolley’s speed”.
Identify three problems with the method.
(3)What does distance ÷ time actually give? Suggest one improvement.
(2)Total for this question: 5 marks
Investigating speed
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Raj let a trolley run down a ramp. He used a stopwatch to time the trolley over the last 50 cm. His times were 0.62 s, 0.58 s and 0.60 s. (Illustrative data.)
Calculate the mean speed of the trolley over the last 50 cm, in m/s.
(2)Explain why using light gates would give more accurate results than a stopwatch.
(2)Raj made the ramp steeper. Predict the effect on the time for the last 50 cm.
(1)Total for this question: 5 marks
Pressure in gases
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A fixed amount of gas is heated in a rigid sealed container.
Describe what happens to the gas particles when the gas is heated.
(2)Explain why the pressure increases.
(3)Total for this question: 5 marks
Pressure in gases
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A sealed plastic bottle of air is placed in a fridge.
Use ideas about particles to explain why the pressure inside the bottle falls when it cools.
(2)Predict what you would see happen to the shape of the bottle.
(1)Explain why atmospheric pressure is lower at the top of a mountain.
(2)Total for this question: 5 marks
Pressure in liquids
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A bottle of water has two identical holes, one near the top and one near the bottom. Water from the lower hole travels further.
Explain why the water pressure is greater at the lower hole.
(2)Explain why the water from the lower hole travels further.
(3)Total for this question: 5 marks
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