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0 of 62 questions marked.
Earlier foundation: B1.3 Plant and animal cells
62 questions · 338 marks, in lesson order.
Photosynthesis
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Plants increase their biomass by photosynthesis.
State the word equation inputs and the energy source for photosynthesis.
(2)Explain how photosynthesis increases the biomass of the plant.
(3)Total for this question: 5 marks
Photosynthesis
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Tillandsia is a plant that grows on the high branches of trees in rainforests. Its leaves absorb light.
Why do plants need light?
(1)Tillandsia plants cannot grow well on the lowest branches. Explain why.
(1)Tillandsia plants do not have root hairs. What two substances do most plants absorb through their root hairs?
(2)Which diagram shows a root hair cell?
(1)Total for this question: 5 marks
Photosynthesis
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A bluebell plant grows from an underground stem called a bulb. Each year new leaves and flowers grow from the bulb.
Describe the process by which glucose is made in the leaves.
(3)Many plants make starch from glucose. What group of nutrients do both glucose and starch belong to?
(1)Digging up bluebell bulbs, which is now illegal, reduced the number of bluebells in Britain. Suggest one other environmental reason why their number has decreased.
(1)Every 10 years the trees and bushes in some bluebell woods are cut down to ground level. What effect does this have on the number of bluebells? Explain your answer.
(1)Total for this question: 6 marks
Photosynthesis
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Three healthy young plants, A, B and C, looked the same at the start. The drawing shows them after two weeks.
Plant B did not have enough light. How can you tell this from the drawing?
(1)Plant C did not have enough water. How can you tell this from the drawing?
(1)Give two substances that root hair cells absorb from the soil.
(2)Total for this question: 4 marks
Photosynthesis
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An ecosphere is a model habitat that can last for many years. It is a sealed glass ball containing sea water, green algae (plants), bacteria, a snail and shrimps, with some air at the top.
The ecosphere must receive plenty of light. Explain why light is necessary for the survival of the green algae and the animals.
(3)When organisms in the ecosphere die, bacteria break them down and nutrients such as nitrates are released. Why is this necessary for the survival of the other organisms?
(1)| temperature of the water (°C) | mass of oxygen dissolved (mg per 100 cm³) |
|---|---|
| 15 | 10.2 |
| 17 | 9.7 |
| 19 | 9.3 |
| 21 | 9.0 |
| 23 | 8.7 |
| 25 | 8.4 |
| 27 | 8.1 |
| 29 | 7.9 |
The ecosphere was kept between 17 °C and 23 °C. Respiration in the organisms is affected less if the temperature falls to 15 °C than if it rises to 27 °C. Use the table to explain this.
(1)Total for this question: 5 marks
Photosynthesis
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Potatoes have just been planted in a field in winter. The rows of potatoes are covered with clear plastic strips, with gaps between the strips.
How will the plastic strips help the potatoes to start to grow?
(1)The plastic strips must be clear so that the leaves will get enough ______.
(1)The gaps between the strips let two things get into the soil. Tick two boxes.
(2)The plastic strips break down naturally after a few weeks. Suggest why this is useful.
(1)Aphids are insects that feed on potato leaves. A food chain is: potato leaves → aphid → ladybird → swift. Some farmers put ladybirds on their potato plants. How do ladybirds get rid of aphids?
(1)What else could farmers use to get rid of aphids?
(1)Total for this question: 7 marks
Photosynthesis
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Nadine mixed grass seeds with sand and put the mixture into three mesh bags to make three model heads. She soaked two of the bags in water. The drawing shows the model heads after one week.
Which two model heads did Nadine soak in water, and how can you tell?
(1)Nadine watered both of these models for two weeks, one more often than the other. How would the model watered more often look different?
(1)Nadine put one of the watered models near a window. Why did the grass grow towards the window?
(1)Grass plants have root hairs. Which diagram shows a root hair cell?
(1)Root hairs take in ______ and ______ from the soil. Name two substances.
(2)Total for this question: 6 marks
Photosynthesis
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The graph shows the amount of light reaching the top of the trees and the woodland floor in a wood over one year.
Why does the amount of light reaching the woodland floor decrease during May?
(1)Plants grow on the woodland floor. Explain why these plants grow bigger and faster when there is plenty of light.
(2)Respiration takes place in the cells of all plants. Complete the word equation for respiration.
(2)+ oxygen → carbon dioxide +
Total for this question: 5 marks
Leaves
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The internal structure of a leaf is adapted for photosynthesis.
Describe how light reaches the chloroplasts and is absorbed.
(2)Explain how the leaf obtains carbon dioxide and water.
(3)Total for this question: 5 marks
Investigating photosynthesis
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A student measures the rate of photosynthesis by counting bubbles from pondweed while moving a hot filament lamp closer.
Evaluate the method. Identify two weaknesses.
(2)Suggest improvements and state what can be concluded.
(4)Total for this question: 6 marks
Investigating photosynthesis
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Suzi investigated how temperature affects the number of bubbles produced by waterweed in one minute. The waterweed was in a boiling tube of tap water, standing in a water-bath, with a lamp shining on it. At 10 °C the waterweed did not produce bubbles. She counted the bubbles per minute at six different temperatures.
Suzi increased the temperature of the water-bath to 20 °C. She waited two minutes before counting the bubbles. Explain why she waited.
(1)What line should Suzi draw through her results?
(1)Use a smooth curve through the points to find the temperature that produced the most bubbles per minute.
(1)Suzi predicted: “The higher the temperature, the more bubbles will be produced.” Which points support her prediction?
(1)Suzi’s data does not show clearly the exact temperature at which most bubbles were produced. How could she improve the data she collects to find this temperature?
(1)Total for this question: 5 marks
Investigating photosynthesis
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Richard wanted to find the best conditions for growing lettuce plants. He planted 8 lettuce plants in each of 4 trays.
| tray | light level | air temperature (°C) | soil moisture | number of plants alive after 7 days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | medium | 25 | moist | 8 |
| B | medium | 25 | dry | 6 |
| C | medium | 45 | moist | 2 |
| D | medium | 45 | dry | 0 |
How many days did Richard’s investigation last?
(1)Which variables did Richard change?
(1)Richard said: “Lettuce plants grow better at a medium light level than at other light levels.” Why can he not make this conclusion from his investigation?
(1)At the end of day 1, trays A, B and C had 8 plants alive and tray D had 4. Using the day 7 results, suggest the number alive in each tray on day 4.
(2)A: B: C: D:
Total for this question: 5 marks
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