Why does heart rate rise in exercise?
Reveal answer
Muscles respire faster → need more O₂ and glucose, more CO₂ removed → heart beats faster.
Key words: respire
3(h) TRANSPORT · RECALL
3.16 Heart rate, exercise and adrenaline
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Which hormone causes the fight or flight response?
Reveal answer
Adrenaline.
Key words: adrenaline
How does adrenaline help in danger?
Reveal answer
Heart rate ↑ → more O₂ and glucose to muscles → more energy from respiration.
Key words: heart rate
Why stays heart rate high after exercise?
Reveal answer
Oxygen debt → lactic acid carried to liver and broken down.
Key words: lactic acid
What is meant by the term heart rate?
Reveal answer
Number of heart beats per minute.
Key words: heart rate
What is meant by the term stroke volume?
Reveal answer
Volume pumped by one ventricle per beat.
Key words: stroke volume
What is meant by the term cardiac output?
Reveal answer
Blood volume pumped per minute: heart rate × stroke volume.
Key words: cardiac output
What is meant by the term adrenaline?
Reveal answer
Hormone that prepares the body for rapid action.
Key words: adrenaline
Rest, exercise and adrenaline: for Rest, give the heart response and the purpose.
Reveal answer
Heart response: Lower rate/output. Purpose: Matches baseline demand.
Key words: Rest
Rest, exercise and adrenaline: for Exercise, give the heart response and the purpose.
Reveal answer
Heart response: Rate and stroke volume rise. Purpose: More oxygen/nutrients; faster waste/heat removal.
Key words: Exercise
Rest, exercise and adrenaline: for Adrenaline, give the heart response and the purpose.
Reveal answer
Heart response: Rate and contraction force rise. Purpose: Prepares rapid action.
Key words: Adrenaline
Rest, exercise and adrenaline: for Recovery, give the heart response and the purpose.
Reveal answer
Heart response: Gradual return toward baseline. Purpose: Supports restoration and heat/waste removal.
Key words: Recovery
True or false, and why? “Heart rate rises only because muscles need oxygen.”
Reveal answer
False. Delivery of glucose and removal of carbon dioxide/heat also matter.
True or false, and why? “Adrenaline is released only during fear.”
Reveal answer
False. It can contribute during exercise and other stresses.
True or false, and why? “A single recovery time measures fitness perfectly.”
Reveal answer
False. Many variables affect it; classroom data are not diagnostic.