Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration in muscle: oxygen, products, energy.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: needs oxygen, makes CO₂ + water, lots of energy. Anaerobic: no oxygen, makes lactic acid, little energy.
Key words: oxygen · lactic acid
2(f) RESPIRATION · RECALL
2.36 Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
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What is the oxygen debt?
Reveal answer
The extra oxygen needed after exercise to break down lactic acid.
Key words: lactic acid
Why does a sprinter breathe hard after the race?
Reveal answer
Anaerobic respiration made lactic acid → oxygen needed to break it down → deep breathing repays the oxygen debt.
Key words: oxygen debt
What is meant by the term aerobic respiration?
Reveal answer
Respiratory pathway using oxygen and fully oxidising glucose overall.
Key words: aerobic respiration
What is meant by the term anaerobic respiration?
Reveal answer
ATP-producing respiration that proceeds without oxygen.
Key words: anaerobic respiration
What is meant by the term lactate?
Reveal answer
The product of anaerobic respiration in animal muscle cells.
Key words: lactate
What is meant by the term fermentation?
Reveal answer
Anaerobic metabolic pathways in microorganisms, including yeast ethanol fermentation.
Key words: fermentation
What is meant by the term ATP yield?
Reveal answer
The amount of ATP regenerated per quantity of respiratory substrate.
Key words: ATP yield
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Oxygen, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Required for the overall pathway. Anaerobic: Not required.
Key words: Oxygen
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Location in eukaryotes, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Cytoplasm then mitochondria. Anaerobic: Cytoplasm.
Key words: Location in eukaryotes
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Energy released per glucose, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Higher ATP yield. Anaerobic: Lower ATP yield.
Key words: Energy released per glucose
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Animal products, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Carbon dioxide and water. Anaerobic: Lactate.
Key words: Animal products
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Plant/yeast products, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Carbon dioxide and water. Anaerobic: Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Key words: Plant/yeast products
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: for Suitable context, give the aerobic and the anaerobic.
Reveal answer
Aerobic: Sustained supply when oxygen is available. Anaerobic: Maintains rapid glycolysis when oxygen/aerobic capacity is limiting.
Key words: Suitable context
True or false, and why? “Anaerobic respiration produces no ATP.”
Reveal answer
False. It produces less ATP per glucose than aerobic respiration.
True or false, and why? “Anaerobic respiration in muscles releases carbon dioxide.”
Reveal answer
False. The specified animal pathway forms lactate without carbon dioxide as a product.
True or false, and why? “Lactate causes delayed muscle soreness.”
Reveal answer
False. Lactate is cleared or reused relatively quickly; delayed soreness is associated with later tissue responses.
True or false, and why? “Anaerobic respiration is always slower.”
Reveal answer
False. It has lower yield per glucose but can support rapid ATP production over short periods.