How do seeds use stored starch?
Reveal answer
Amylase → maltose/sugars → respiration → energy for growth.
Key words: amylase
4(a) REPRODUCTION · RECALL
4.6 Food reserves in germinating seeds
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Which seed part stores food in a bean?
Reveal answer
The cotyledons.
Key words: cotyledons
What is meant by the term cotyledon?
Reveal answer
Seed leaf that may store or absorb food for an embryo.
Key words: cotyledon
What is meant by the term endosperm?
Reveal answer
Nutritive tissue that stores food in many seeds.
Key words: endosperm
What is meant by the term mobilisation?
Reveal answer
Conversion and movement of stored reserves into usable forms.
Key words: mobilisation
What is meant by the term plumule?
Reveal answer
Embryonic shoot.
Key words: plumule
Reserve mobilisation: for Starch, give the mobilised product and the use.
Reveal answer
Mobilised product: Soluble sugars. Use: Respiration and biosynthesis.
Key words: Starch
Reserve mobilisation: for Oil, give the mobilised product and the use.
Reveal answer
Mobilised product: Fatty acids and glycerol. Use: Respiration and membranes.
Key words: Oil
Reserve mobilisation: for Protein, give the mobilised product and the use.
Reveal answer
Mobilised product: Amino acids. Use: New proteins and other molecules.
Key words: Protein
Reserve mobilisation: for Mineral reserve, give the mobilised product and the use.
Reveal answer
Mobilised product: Mineral ions. Use: Enzymes, nucleic acids and cells.
Key words: Mineral reserve
True or false, and why? “A germinating seed immediately gets food from soil.”
Reveal answer
False. It initially uses reserves already stored inside the seed.
True or false, and why? “Stored starch is respired directly.”
Reveal answer
False. It is first hydrolysed to soluble sugars.
Why does a germinating seed depend on its stored food?
Reveal answer
No green leaves yet → cannot photosynthesise → stored food is respired to release energy for growth.
Key words: photosynthesise
Why does a germinating seed lose dry mass at first?
Reveal answer
Stored food is used in respiration before any new food is made.
Key words: respiration
Apart from respiration, what is stored food used for in a germinating seed?
Reveal answer
Growth: making new cells, for example proteins and cellulose.
Key words: growth