What three conditions does germination need?
Reveal answer
Water, oxygen, warmth.
Key words: water · oxygen · warmth
4(a) REPRODUCTION · RECALL
4.5 Conditions for seed germination
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Why does a seed need water?
Reveal answer
Activates enzymes → digest stored food; seed swells, coat splits.
Key words: enzymes
Why does a seed need oxygen?
Reveal answer
Aerobic respiration → energy for growth.
Key words: respiration
Why does dry mass fall at first?
Reveal answer
Food store respired, no photosynthesis yet.
Key words: respired
How do you remove oxygen from water in a germination test?
Reveal answer
Boil it and cover with oil.
Key words: boil
Which part emerges first from a seed?
Reveal answer
The radicle.
Key words: radicle
Why does germination slow above the optimum temperature?
Reveal answer
Enzymes denature → reactions slow.
Key words: denature
What is meant by the term germination?
Reveal answer
Resumption of growth of the embryo in a seed.
Key words: germination
What is meant by the term radicle?
Reveal answer
Embryonic root that normally emerges first.
Key words: radicle
What is meant by the term percentage germination?
Reveal answer
Germinated seeds divided by total seeds, multiplied by 100.
Key words: percentage germination
Controlled germination treatments: for Moist, aerated, suitable temperature, give the factor limited and the prediction.
Reveal answer
Factor limited: None. Prediction: High germination.
Key words: Moist, aerated, suitable temperature
Controlled germination treatments: for Dry support, give the factor limited and the prediction.
Reveal answer
Factor limited: Water. Prediction: Little or no germination.
Key words: Dry support
Controlled germination treatments: for Boiled water under oil, give the factor limited and the prediction.
Reveal answer
Factor limited: Oxygen. Prediction: Little or no germination.
Key words: Boiled water under oil
Controlled germination treatments: for Moist and refrigerated, give the factor limited and the prediction.
Reveal answer
Factor limited: Suitable temperature. Prediction: Slower/lower germination during test.
Key words: Moist and refrigerated
Controlled germination treatments: for Replicate control group, give the factor limited and the prediction.
Reveal answer
Factor limited: Random variation checked. Prediction: Similar proportion if reliable.
Key words: Replicate control group
True or false, and why? “Seeds require soil to germinate.”
Reveal answer
False. They require water, oxygen and suitable temperature; support and minerals are needed later for sustained growth.
True or false, and why? “Boiling water tests high temperature.”
Reveal answer
False. When cooled and covered with oil, it is used to remove and exclude oxygen.
True or false, and why? “One ungerminated seed disproves the conditions.”
Reveal answer
False. Seeds vary in viability, so use groups and replicates.