Outline mitosis.
Reveal answer
Copy chromosomes → line up → separate → two nuclei → two identical cells.
Key words: identical
4(b) INHERITANCE · RECALL
4.28 Mitosis
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How many cells does mitosis produce?
Reveal answer
Two identical diploid cells.
Key words: two
Why can uncontrolled mitosis cause cancer?
Reveal answer
Cells keep dividing → tumour.
Key words: tumour
What stain helps see chromosomes in a root tip?
Reveal answer
A DNA stain e.g. toluidine blue / acetic orcein.
Key words: stain
What is meant by the term mitosis?
Reveal answer
Nuclear division producing genetically identical daughter nuclei.
Key words: mitosis
What is meant by the term cytokinesis?
Reveal answer
Division of the cytoplasm into separate cells.
Key words: cytokinesis
What is meant by the term sister chromatid?
Reveal answer
One of two replicated copies of a chromosome joined before separation.
Key words: sister chromatid
What is meant by the term somatic cell?
Reveal answer
Body cell that is not a gamete.
Key words: somatic cell
Chromosome number through mitosis: for Before replication, give the chromosome/dna state and the outcome.
Reveal answer
Chromosome/DNA state: One chromatid per chromosome. Outcome: Diploid parent cell.
Key words: Before replication
Chromosome number through mitosis: for After replication, give the chromosome/dna state and the outcome.
Reveal answer
Chromosome/DNA state: Two joined sister chromatids. Outcome: DNA copied.
Key words: After replication
Chromosome number through mitosis: for Chromatid separation, give the chromosome/dna state and the outcome.
Reveal answer
Chromosome/DNA state: Sister chromatids move apart. Outcome: One set toward each pole.
Key words: Chromatid separation
Chromosome number through mitosis: for After cytokinesis, give the chromosome/dna state and the outcome.
Reveal answer
Chromosome/DNA state: One chromatid per chromosome in each cell. Outcome: Two identical diploid cells.
Key words: After cytokinesis
True or false, and why? “Mitosis makes four cells.”
Reveal answer
False. One mitotic division normally produces two daughter cells.
True or false, and why? “Chromosome number doubles after replication.”
Reveal answer
False. DNA amount doubles, but joined sister chromatids are counted as one replicated chromosome.
True or false, and why? “Daughter cells receive random chromosome sets.”
Reveal answer
False. Each receives one copy of every chromosome.