Which gland makes insulin?
Reveal answer
The pancreas.
Key words: pancreas
3(j) CO-ORDINATION AND RESPONSE · RECALL
3.44 Adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen
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How does insulin lower blood glucose?
Reveal answer
Released by pancreas → cells take up glucose → stored as glycogen in liver/muscle.
Key words: glycogen
Where is testosterone made?
Reveal answer
In the testes.
Key words: testes
Where are oestrogen and progesterone made?
Reveal answer
In the ovaries.
Key words: ovaries
Which gland makes adrenaline?
Reveal answer
The adrenal glands.
Key words: adrenal
Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes?
Reveal answer
Type 1: no insulin made → inject. Type 2: cells resistant → diet and exercise.
Key words: insulin
What does progesterone do?
Reveal answer
Maintains the uterus lining.
Key words: uterus
Why is insulin injected, not swallowed?
Reveal answer
Protein → digested by protease in gut.
Key words: protein
What is meant by the term insulin?
Reveal answer
Pancreatic hormone that lowers blood glucose.
Key words: insulin
What is meant by the term secondary sexual characteristic?
Reveal answer
Physical feature developing at puberty but not directly part of gamete production.
Key words: secondary sexual characteristic
Core hormone map: for Adrenaline, give the main source and the principal role.
Reveal answer
Main source: Adrenal glands. Principal role: Fight-or-flight response.
Key words: Adrenaline
Core hormone map: for Insulin, give the main source and the principal role.
Reveal answer
Main source: Pancreatic beta cells. Principal role: Lowers blood glucose.
Key words: Insulin
Core hormone map: for Testosterone, give the main source and the principal role.
Reveal answer
Main source: Testes. Principal role: Male characteristics and sperm production.
Key words: Testosterone
Core hormone map: for Oestrogen, give the main source and the principal role.
Reveal answer
Main source: Ovaries. Principal role: Female characteristics and uterine-lining growth.
Key words: Oestrogen
Core hormone map: for Progesterone, give the main source and the principal role.
Reveal answer
Main source: Corpus luteum/placenta. Principal role: Maintains uterine lining.
Key words: Progesterone
True or false, and why? “Hormones affect every cell equally.”
Reveal answer
False. Only cells with suitable receptors respond directly.
True or false, and why? “Insulin converts glucose into glycogen by itself.”
Reveal answer
False. It signals cells and activates pathways that promote uptake and glycogen synthesis.
True or false, and why? “Progesterone is produced only in pregnancy.”
Reveal answer
False. The corpus luteum produces it after ovulation in the menstrual cycle.