What makes up the CNS?
Reveal answer
The brain and spinal cord.
Key words: brain · spinal cord
3(j) CO-ORDINATION AND RESPONSE · RECALL
3.37 The central nervous system
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What is meant by the term central nervous system?
Reveal answer
Brain and spinal cord.
Key words: central nervous system
What is meant by the term peripheral nerve?
Reveal answer
Bundle of neurone fibres outside the CNS.
Key words: peripheral nerve
What is meant by the term sensory neurone?
Reveal answer
Neurone carrying impulses from receptors toward the CNS.
Key words: sensory neurone
What is meant by the term motor neurone?
Reveal answer
Neurone carrying impulses from the CNS to an effector.
Key words: motor neurone
Neurones in a response pathway: for Sensory neurone, give the impulse direction/location and the role.
Reveal answer
Impulse direction/location: Receptor → CNS. Role: Carries detected information inward.
Key words: Sensory neurone
Neurones in a response pathway: for Relay neurone, give the impulse direction/location and the role.
Reveal answer
Impulse direction/location: Within CNS. Role: Links and processes pathways.
Key words: Relay neurone
Neurones in a response pathway: for Motor neurone, give the impulse direction/location and the role.
Reveal answer
Impulse direction/location: CNS → effector. Role: Carries output to muscle/gland.
Key words: Motor neurone
Neurones in a response pathway: for Peripheral nerve, give the impulse direction/location and the role.
Reveal answer
Impulse direction/location: Between organs and CNS. Role: Bundle containing many fibres.
Key words: Peripheral nerve
True or false, and why? “The CNS includes all nerves in the body.”
Reveal answer
False. It includes only brain and spinal cord; other nerves are peripheral.
True or false, and why? “A nerve is one neurone.”
Reveal answer
False. A nerve contains bundles of many neurone fibres.
True or false, and why? “Every sensory signal must reach conscious brain regions before action.”
Reveal answer
False. Spinal reflexes can produce rapid action before conscious awareness.
What is the role of the CNS?
Reveal answer
Receives impulses from receptors → coordinates them → sends impulses to effectors.
Key words: coordinates
What protects the spinal cord?
Reveal answer
The vertebrae (backbone).
Key words: vertebrae
What protects the brain?
Reveal answer
The skull.
Key words: skull