Nerves vs hormones?
Reveal answer
Nerves: electrical, fast, short, local. Hormones: chemical in blood, slower, longer, widespread.
Key words: electrical · blood
3(j) CO-ORDINATION AND RESPONSE · RECALL
3.36 Nervous and hormonal communication
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What is meant by the term neurone?
Reveal answer
Specialised cell that transmits electrical impulses.
Key words: neurone
What is meant by the term endocrine gland?
Reveal answer
Gland that secretes hormones directly into blood.
Key words: endocrine gland
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Signal, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Electrical impulses; neurotransmitter at synapses. Hormonal system: Chemical hormone.
Key words: Signal
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Route, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Specific neurones. Hormonal system: Blood circulation.
Key words: Route
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Speed, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Usually very fast. Hormonal system: Usually slower.
Key words: Speed
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Duration, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Usually short-lived. Hormonal system: Often longer-lasting.
Key words: Duration
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Targeting, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Precise effector pathway. Hormonal system: Any cell with the correct receptor.
Key words: Targeting
Nervous and hormonal communication: for Example, give the nervous system and the hormonal system.
Reveal answer
Nervous system: Withdrawal reflex. Hormonal system: Menstrual-cycle regulation.
Key words: Example
True or false, and why? “Hormones affect every cell they pass.”
Reveal answer
False. Only target cells with appropriate receptors respond.
True or false, and why? “Nervous communication is electrical across every part of the route.”
Reveal answer
False. Most synapses transmit chemically using neurotransmitters.
True or false, and why? “The nervous and endocrine systems work independently.”
Reveal answer
False. They frequently coordinate and regulate one another.
Which gives the faster response, the nervous system or the hormonal system?
Reveal answer
The nervous system.
Key words: nervous
How do hormones travel to their target organs?
Reveal answer
In the blood (dissolved in plasma).
Key words: blood
Suggest why growth is controlled by hormones rather than by nerves.
Reveal answer
Growth is slow and long-lasting and involves many organs at once.
Key words: long-lasting