Why do large organisms need a transport system?
Reveal answer
Small SA:V and long distances → diffusion too slow → mass flow in blood / xylem / phloem.
Key words: diffusion · slow
3(h) TRANSPORT · RECALL
3.2 Need for a transport system
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What are the two transport tissues of a flowering plant?
Reveal answer
Xylem and phloem.
Key words: xylem · phloem
What do agar cube experiments model?
Reveal answer
How the surface area to volume ratio affects diffusion into a cell or organism.
Key words: surface area to volume
Why do small animals lose heat faster?
Reveal answer
Larger SA:V → more surface per unit volume → heat lost faster.
Key words: surface
What is meant by the term mass transport?
Reveal answer
Bulk movement of materials in a transport medium.
Key words: mass transport
What is meant by the term circulatory system?
Reveal answer
A system moving a transport fluid through vessels.
Key words: circulatory system
Exchange and transport roles, Diffusion. Distance? Example?
Reveal answer
Distance: Short. Example: Capillary to cell.
Key words: Diffusion
Exchange and transport roles, Ventilation. Distance? Example?
Reveal answer
Distance: Bulk flow to exchange surface. Example: Air to alveoli.
Key words: Ventilation
Exchange and transport roles, Circulation. Distance? Example?
Reveal answer
Distance: Long-distance mass flow. Example: Blood between organs.
Key words: Circulation
Exchange and transport roles, Plant vascular transport. Distance? Example?
Reveal answer
Distance: Long-distance mass flow. Example: Water or sucrose through stems.
Key words: Plant vascular transport
True or false, and why? “Transport systems replace diffusion.”
Reveal answer
False. They move materials over long distances; diffusion still crosses short tissue boundaries.
True or false, and why? “Only animals require transport systems.”
Reveal answer
False. Large plants use xylem and phloem.
Name two substances transported by a mammal’s blood.
Reveal answer
Oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, urea, hormones (any two).
Key words: oxygen
Why does a flatworm not need a blood system?
Reveal answer
Flat body → large SA:V and every cell close to the surface → diffusion is fast enough.
Key words: diffusion
Agar cubes have sides of 1 cm and 2 cm. Which has the larger surface area to volume ratio, and what is it?
Reveal answer
The 1 cm cube: 6 : 1 (the 2 cm cube is 3 : 1).
Key words: 1 cm