What is meant by the term alimentary canal?
Reveal answer
The muscular tube through which food passes from mouth to anus.
Key words: alimentary canal
2(e) NUTRITION · RECALL
2.27 The human alimentary canal
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What is meant by the term ingestion?
Reveal answer
Taking food into the body.
Key words: ingestion
What is meant by the term digestion?
Reveal answer
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.
Key words: digestion
What is meant by the term absorption?
Reveal answer
Movement of digested molecules into blood or lymph.
Key words: absorption
Organ sequence and function: for Mouth, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Ingestion and mechanical digestion. Key event: Chewing; saliva starts starch digestion.
Key words: Mouth
Organ sequence and function: for Oesophagus, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Transport. Key event: Peristalsis moves the bolus.
Key words: Oesophagus
Organ sequence and function: for Stomach, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Storage, churning and protein digestion. Key event: Acidic chyme forms.
Key words: Stomach
Organ sequence and function: for Duodenum, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Chemical digestion. Key event: Receives bile and pancreatic juice.
Key words: Duodenum
Organ sequence and function: for Ileum, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Absorption. Key event: Digested molecules cross villi.
Key words: Ileum
Organ sequence and function: for Colon, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Water absorption. Key event: Remaining contents become more solid.
Key words: Colon
Organ sequence and function: for Rectum and anus, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Storage and egestion. Key event: Faeces leave the body.
Key words: Rectum and anus
Organ sequence and function: for Pancreas, give the main role and the key event.
Reveal answer
Main role: Accessory secretion. Key event: Enzymes and alkaline fluid enter duodenum.
Key words: Pancreas
True or false, and why? “Food passes through the pancreas.”
Reveal answer
False. The pancreas is accessory and secretes into the duodenum.
True or false, and why? “Most nutrients are absorbed in the stomach.”
Reveal answer
False. Most absorption occurs across the small intestine.
True or false, and why? “Egestion is excretion.”
Reveal answer
False. Egestion removes undigested food; excretion removes metabolic waste.
True or false, and why? “The large intestine is longer than the small intestine.”
Reveal answer
False. It is wider but much shorter.